Elliott Wave Oscillator Signals by DGTElliott Wave Principle , developed by Ralph Nelson Elliott, proposes that the seemingly chaotic behaviour of the different financial markets isn’t actually chaotic. In fact the markets moves in predictable, repetitive cycles or waves and can be measured and forecast using Fibonacci numbers. These waves are a result of influence on investors from outside sources primarily the current psychology of the masses at that given time. Elliott wave predicts that the prices of the a traded currency pair will evolve in waves: five impulsive waves and three corrective waves. Impulsive waves give the main direction of the market expansion and the corrective waves are in the opposite direction (corrective wave occurrences and combination corrective wave occurrences are much higher comparing to impulsive waves)
The Elliott Wave Oscillator (EWO) helps identifying where you are in the 5-3 Elliott Waves, mainly the highest/lowest values of the oscillator might indicate a potential bullish/bearish Wave 3. Mathematically expressed, EWO is the difference between a 5-period and 35-period moving average based on the close. In this study instead 35-period, Fibonacci number 34 is implemented for the slow moving average and formula becomes ewo = ema(source, 5) - ema(source, 34)
The application of the Elliott Wave theory in real time trading gets difficult because the charts look messy. This study (EWO-S) simplifies the visualization of EWO and plots labels on probable reversals/corrections. The good part is that all plotting’s are performed on the top of the price chart including a histogram (optional and supported on higher timeframes). Additionally optional Keltner Channels Cloud added to help confirming the price actions.
What to look for:
Plotted labels can be used to follow the Elliott Wave occurrences and most importantly they can be considered as signals for possible trade setup opportunities. Elliott Wave Rules and Fibonacci Retracement/Extensions are suggested to confirm the patters provided by the EWO-S
Trading success is all about following your trading strategy and the indicators should fit within your trading strategy, and not to be traded upon solely
Disclaimer : The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitutes professional and/or financial advice. You alone the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd TradingView user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
Wyszukaj w skryptach "THE SCRIPT"
P-MACD by DGTPrice and Moving Averages Convergence/Divergence, shortly named as P-MACD
P-MACD is a trend-following momentum indicator that shows the relationship between Price and Long-term Moving Average (PMACD), and the relationship between two Moving Averages (MAMACD). P-MACD is composed of two lines, and an histogram, showing price distance (convergence/divergence) to its Long-term MA (PMACD), showing short-term MA distance (convergence/divergence) to long-term MA (MAMACD), and a histogram showing the difference (momentum) between the PMACD and MAMACD
The PMACD is calculated by dividing the Price to Long-term Moving Average (200-period SMA/EMA) and finally smoothed with 9-period SMA/EMA
- PMACD Line Formula : (Price / SlowMovingAverage -1) * 100 and smoothed with 9-period SMA/EMA
The MAMACD is calculated by dividing the Short-term Moving Average (such as 20 SMA/EMA) to the Long-term Moving Average (such as 200-period SMA/EMA)
- MAMACD Line Formula : (FastMovingAverage / SlowMovingAverage -1) * 100
The Histogram is calculated by subscripting PMACD and MAMACD
- Formula : PMACD - MAMACD
Optional
Trend Cloud calculated based on fast and slow version of MAMACD
What to look for:
- Line Crosses : PMACD Line can function as a trigger(signal) for buy and sell signals. Buy when the PMACD crosses above the MAMACD line and sell - or short - when the PMACD crosses below the MAMACD line
- Base Crosses : PMACD and/or MAMACD crosses above or below Baseline is another way to indicate the trend and momentum. MAMACD crosses of Baseline, MAMACD positive or negative, reflects short-term moving average crosses the long-term moving average and similarly, PMACD crosses of BaseLine, PMACD positive or negative, reflects price crosses a long-term moving average
- Momentum : P-MACD helps investors understand whether the bullish or bearish movement in the price is strengthening or weakening displayed with a histogram which graphs the distance between the PMACD and MAMACD. Additionally, upward momentum is confirmed with a bullish crossover, which occurs when PMACD and/or MAMACD crosses above Baseline. Conversely, downward momentum is confirmed with a bearish crossover, which occurs when PMACD and/or MAMACD crosses below Baseline
- Distance : Prices high above the moving average (MA) or low below it are likely to be remedied in the future by a reverse price movement. The more distant the PMACD is above or below its baseline indicates that the distance between the Price and its SMA is growing (regarding PMACD, You may find a detailed article explained in “Price Distance to its MA” indicator by DGT) . Similarly the more distant the MAMACD is above or below its baseline indicates that the distance between the two SMAs is growing
- Trend : A rising P-MACD indicates an uptrend, while a declining P-MACD indicates a downtrend
MACD vs. P-MACD
MACD measures the relationship between two MAs, while the P-MACD measures both the relationship between price and its MA, and the relationship between two MAs. MAMACD Line of P-MACD If set to same moving average type and same lengths as in MACD will produce the same line as MACD line, only values are represented as percentage with MAMACD. Both measure momentum in a market, but, because they measure different factors, they differentiate from each other even if they have similarities in presentation. P-MACD provides additional insights, not only to MA relation but also to Price and MA relation
Warning : Moving Average are calculated based on past prices, so they are lagging. The longer the time period for the moving average, the greater the lag as well as less sensitive to price changes. This study implements usage of 200-period long-term moving average, which implies that the P-MACD will provide insight especially for long-term trades, more suited for long-term trades, usage of P-MACD for short-term trades is recommend with lower timeframes (1H or lower).
Indicators aim to generate a potential signal/indication of an upcoming opportunity, but, the Indicators themselves do not guarantee the future movement of a given financial instrument, and are most useful when used in combination with other techniques.
Trading success is all about following your trading strategy and the indicators should fit within your trading strategy, and not to be traded upon solely
Disclaimer : The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitutes professional and/or financial advice. You alone the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd tradingview user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
HTF Candlestick Patterns [TradingView] vX by DGTCandlesticks are graphical representations of price movements for a given period of time. They are commonly formed by the opening, high, low, and closing prices of a financial instrument. They have their origins in the centuries-old Japanese rice trade and have made their way into modern day price charting.
It’s important to note that candlestick patterns aren’t necessarily a buy or sell signal by themselves. They are instead a way to look at market structure and a potential indication of an upcoming opportunity. It is always useful to look at candlestick patterns in context like any other market analysis tool and candlestick patterns are most useful when used in combination with other techniques. There are countless candlestick patterns that traders can use to identify areas of interest on a chart, where some candlestick patterns may provide insights into the balance between buyers and sellers, others may indicate a reversal, continuation, or indecision.
Reversal patterns are quite useful when used in context. Reversal patterns should form at the bottom of a downtrend or at the top of an uptrend. Otherwise, they are not a reversal patterns, but continuation patterns. Most reversal patterns require confirmation such as price move in the direction of reversal accompanied by appropriate trading volume. The reversal patterns can further be confirmed through other means of traditional technical analysis—like trend lines, momentum, oscillators, or volume indicators—to reaffirm buying or selling pressure. The patterns themselves do not guarantee that the trend will reverse. Investors should always confirm reversal by the subsequent price action before initiating a trade.
This study implements some of the most commonly used candlestick patterns in a context with directional movement indicator. On request users can adjust the strong trend threshold from dialog box, eighter can disabled correlation with directional movement indicator. To add additional sight to analysis the simple moving averages of 20, 50, 100 and 200 periods are added (configurable)
You may add additional indicators of your choice. Colored DMI, BB Cloud or Price Distance to its MAs may help
Enjoy it!
Disclaimer: The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitutes professional and/or financial advice. You alone the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd tradingview user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
VAMA Volume Adjusted Moving AverageRichard Arms' Volume Adjusted Moving Average
Settings:
• Inp Avg Vol: Input - Purist method but not intended for live analysis, to retroactively alter MA curve enter Avg Vol from value shown on label into Use Avg Vol field.
• Inp Avg Vol: Current - Live method using current volume , to retroactively alter past MA curve toggle any setting back and forth to force recalculation.
• Inp Avg Vol: Subset - Similar to Current, but uses a subset rather than all bars for avg vol.
• Use Avg Vol - Used for Inp Avg Vol: Input mode. Enter volume from Avg Vol label here after each new bar closes, label will turn green, else red.
• Subset Data - Lookback length used for Inp Avg Vol: Subset mode.
• VAMA Length - Specified number of volume ratio buckets to be reached.
• Volume Incr - Size of volume ratio buckets.
• VAMA Source - Price used for volume weighted calculations.
• VAMA Strict - Must meet desired volume requirements, even if N bars has to exceed VAMA Length to do it.
• Show Avg Vol Label - Displays label on chart of total chart volume.
Notes: VAMA was created by Richard Arms. It utilizes a period length that is based on volume increments rather than time. It is an unusual indicator in that it cannot be used in some platforms in realtime mode as Arms had originally intended. VAMA requires that the average volume first be calculated for the entire chart duration, then that average volume is used to derive the variable adaptive length of the moving average. The consequence of this is that with each new bar, the new average volume alters the moving average period for the entire history. Since Pine scripts evaluate all historical bars only once upon initial script execution, there is no way to automatically shift the previous moving average values retroactively once a new bar has formed. Thus the historical plot of the moving average cannot be updated in realtime, but instead can only plot through previous bar that existed upon load or reinitialization through changing some setting.
Setting Use Avg Vol to Input mode the average volume through previous bar shown in label can be entered (input) into the Inp Avg Vol setting after each new bar closes. Entering this total chart volume forces the script to reevaluate historical bars which in turn allows the historical moving average to update the plot. When using Input mode the color of the label is green when Inp Avg Vol value matches current label value, the label color red signifies Inp Avg Vol value has not been entered or is stale.
Setting Use Avg Vol to Current mode allows the script to correctly calculate and plot the correct moving average upon initial load and the realtime moving average moving forward, but can not retroactively alter the plot of the past moving average unless some change is made in the script settings, such as toggling the Use Avg Vol from Current to some other choice and then back to Current .
Setting Use Avg Vol to Subset mode uses a rolling window of volume data to calculate the average volume and can be used in realtime, but should be noted it is a deviation from Richard Arms' original specification.
VAMA info: "Trading Without Fear" by Richard W Arms, Jr, www.fidelity.com
NOTICE: This is an example script and not meant to be used as an actual strategy. By using this script or any portion thereof, you acknowledge that you have read and understood that this is for research purposes only and I am not responsible for any financial losses you may incur by using this script!
Dual SuperTrend, Ichimoku and DMI Color Weighted by DGTThis study interprets SuperTrend with Ichimoku Cloud, one of the popular technical analysis indicator, and interprets Directional Movement (DMI), which is another quite valuable technical analysis indicator.
Then combines the interpreted SuperTrend with interpreted Directional Movement (DMI) and Volume Based Colored Bars indicator created by Kıvaç ÖZBİLGİÇ (permission has been granted from the author)
Here are details of the concept applied
1- SuperTrend Line colored based on Ichimoku Cloud
Definition
The Ichimoku Cloud, developed by Goichi Hosoda and published in the late 1960s, is a collection of technical indicators that give it a unique capacity to show support and resistance levels, momentum and trend direction
What Does the Ichimoku Cloud Tells?
The overall trend is up when price is above the cloud, known as Kumo Cloud, down when price is below the Kumo Cloud, and trendless or transitioning when price is in the Kumo Cloud
When Senkou Span A (Leading Span A) is rising and above Senkou Span B (Leading Span B), this helps confirm the uptrend and space between the lines is typically colored green. When Senkou Span A is falling and below Senkou Span B, this helps confirm the downtrend. The space between the lines is typically colored red
Traders often use the Kumo Cloud as an area of support and resistance depending on the relative location of the price. The Kumo Cloud provides support/resistance levels that can be projected into the future. This sets the Ichimoku Cloud apart from many other technical indicators that only provide support and resistance levels for the current date and time
Crossovers, also known as TK Cross among Ichimoku Cloud traders, are another way the indicator can be used. Watch for the Tenkan-Sen Line, or Conversion Line, to move above the Kijun-Sen Line, or Base Line, especially when price is above the Kumo cloud. This can be a powerful buy signal. One option is to hold the trade until the Tenkan-Sen drops back below the Kijun-Sen Line. Any of the other lines could be used as exit points as well.
With this study:
Allow Traders to use the Ichimoku Cloud in conjunction with other technical indicators to maximize their risk-adjusted returns
The Ichimoku Cloud can make a chart look busy with all the lines. To Remedy this a different approach is applied in this study showing the Price and the Kumo Cloud relation as well as TK Crosses displayed. The SuperTrend Indicator is chosen to display Ichimoku Indicator, where the SuperTrend is another trend following indicator.
How it works:
SuperTrend Line is colored as:
Green when the Price is above the Kumo Cloud
Red when the Price is below the Kumo Cloud
Black when the Price is within the Kumo Cloud
And Finally Blue when the Kumo Cloud Is not ready to be drawn or not Kumo Cloud available
Additionally intensity of the colors used in all cases above are defined by values of Tenkan-Sen and Kijun-Sen Line, which allows us to detect TK Crosses
2- Plots Colored Directional Movement Line
Definition
Directional Movement (DMI) (created by J. Welles Wilder ) is actually a collection of three separate indicators combined into one. Directional Movement consists of the Average Directional Index (ADX) , Plus Directional Indicator (+D I) and Minus Directional Indicator (-D I) . ADX's purposes is to define whether or not there is a trend present. It does not take direction into account at all. The other two indicators (+DI and -DI) are used to compliment the ADX. They serve the purpose of determining trend direction. By combining all three, a technical analyst has a way of determining and measuring a trend's strength as well as its direction.
This study combines all three lines in a single colored shapes series plotted on the top of the price chart indicating the trend strength with different colors and its direction with triangle up and down shapes.
What to look for
Trend Strength : Analyzing trend strength is the most basic use for the DMI. Wilder believed that a DMI reading above 25 indicated a strong trend, while a reading below 20 indicated a weak or non-existent trend
Crosses : DI Crossovers are the significant trading signal generated by the DMI
With this study
A Strong Trend is assumed when ADX >= 25
Bullish Trend is defined as (+D I > -DI ) and (ADX >= 25), which is plotted as green triangle up shape on top of the price chart
Bearish Trend is defined as (+D I < -DI ) and (ADX >= 25), which is plotted as red triangle down shape on top of the price chart
Week Trend is assumed when 17< ADX < 25, which is plotted as black triangles up or down shape, depending on +DI-DI values, on top of the price chart
Non-Existent Trend is assumed when ADX < 17, which is plotted as yellow triangles up or down shape, depending on +DI-DI values, on top of the price chart
Additionally intensity of the colors used in all cases above are defined by comparing ADX’s current value with its previous value
3- Volume Based Colored Bars indicator created by Kıvaç ÖZBİLGİÇ
Volume Based Colored Bars colors the bars into volume weighted signals increasing the visibility of the Volume changes. Intensity of the colors of the bars varies according to average value of the volume for given length of bars (default value set to 30 bars)
Disclaimer: The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitutes professional and/or financial advice. You alone the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd tradingview user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
Colored Directional Movement and Bollinger Band's Cloud by DGTThis study combines Bollinger Bands, one of the most popular technical analysis indicators on the market, and Directional Movement (DMI), which is another quite valuable technical analysis indicator.
Bollinger Bands used in conjunction with Directional Movement (DMI) may help getting a better understanding of the ever changing landscape of the market and perform more advanced technical analysis
Here are details of the concept applied
1- Plots Bollinger Band’s (BB) Cloud colored based on Bollinger Band Width (BBW) Indicator’s value
Definition
Bollinger Bands (created by John Bollinger ) are a way to measure volatility . As volatility increases, the wider the bands become and similarly as volatility decreases, the gap between bands narrows
Bollinger Bands, in widely used approach, consist of a band of three lines. Likewise common usage In this study a band of five lines is implemented
The line in the middle is a Simple Moving Average (SMA) set to a period of 20 bars (the most popular usage). The SMA then serves as a base for the Upper and Lower Bands. The Upper and Lower Bands are used as a way to measure volatility by observing the relationship between the Bands and price. the Upper and Lower Bands in this study are set to two and three standard deviations (widely used form is only two standard deviations) away from the SMA (The Middle Line), hence there are two Upper Bands and two Lower Bands. The background between two Upper Bands is filled with a green color and the background between two Lower Bands is filled with a red color. In this we have obtained Bollinger Band’s (BB) Clouds (Upper Cloud and Lower Cloud)
Additionally the intensity of the color of the background is calculated with Bollinger Bands Width ( BBW ), which is a technical analysis indicator derived from the standard Bollinger Bands indicator. Bollinger Bands Width, quantitatively measures the width between the Upper and Lower Bands. In this study the intensity of the color of the background is increased if BBW value is greater than %25
What to look for
Price Actions : Prices are almost always within the bands especially at this study the bands of three standard deviations away from the SMA. Price touching or breaking the BB Clouds could be considered as buying or selling opportunity. However this is not always the case, there are exceptions such as Walking the Bands. “Walking the Bands” can occur in either a strong uptrend or a strong downtrend. During a strong trend, there may be repeated instances of price touching or breaking through the BB Clouds. Each time that this occurs, it is not a signal, it is a result of the overall strength of the move. In this study in order to get a better understanding of the trend and add ability to perform some advanced technical analysis Directional Movement Indicator (DMI) is added to be used in conjunction with Bollinger Bands.
Cycling Between Expansion and Contraction : One of the most well-known theories in regards to Bollinger Bands is that volatility typically fluctuates between periods of expansion (Bands Widening : surge in volatility and price breaks through the BB Cloud) and contraction (Bands Narrowing : low volatility and price is moving relatively sideways). Using Bollinger Bands in conjunction with Bollinger Bands Width may help identifying beginning of a new directional trend which can result in some nice buying or selling signals. Of course the trader should always use caution
2- Plots Colored Directional Movement Line
Definition
Directional Movement (DMI) (created by J. Welles Wilder ) is actually a collection of three separate indicators combined into one. Directional Movement consists of the Average Directional Index (ADX) , Plus Directional Indicator (+D I) and Minus Directional Indicator (-D I) . ADX's purposes is to define whether or not there is a trend present. It does not take direction into account at all. The other two indicators (+DI and -DI) are used to compliment the ADX. They serve the purpose of determining trend direction. By combining all three, a technical analyst has a way of determining and measuring a trend's strength as well as its direction.
This study combines all three lines in a single colored shapes series plotted on the top of the price chart indicating the trend strength with different colors and its direction with triangle up and down shapes.
What to look for
Trend Strength : Analyzing trend strength is the most basic use for the DMI. Wilder believed that a DMI reading above 25 indicated a strong trend, while a reading below 20 indicated a weak or non-existent trend
Crosses : DI Crossovers are the significant trading signal generated by the DMI
With this study
A Strong Trend is assumed when ADX >= 25
Bullish Trend is defined as (+D I > -DI ) and (ADX >= 25), which is plotted as green triangle up shape on top of the price chart
Bearish Trend is defined as (+D I < -DI ) and (ADX >= 25), which is plotted as red triangle down shape on top of the price chart
Week Trend is assumed when 17< ADX < 25, which is plotted as black triangles up or down shape, depending on +DI-DI values, on top of the price chart
Non-Existent Trend is assumed when ADX < 17, which is plotted as yellow triangles up or down shape, depending on +DI-DI values, on top of the price chart
Additionally intensity of the colors used in all cases above are defined by comparing ADX’s current value with its previous value
Summary of the Study:
Even more simplified and visually enhanced DMI drawing comparing to its classical usage (may require a bit practice to get used to it)
As said previously, to get a better understanding of the trend and add ability to perform some advanced technical analysis Directional Movement Indicator (DMI) is used in conjunction with Bollinger Bands.
PS: Analysis and tests are performed with high volatile Cryptocurrency Market
Source of References : definitions provided herein are gathered from TradingView’s knowledgebase/library
Disclaimer: The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitutes professional and/or financial advice. You alone the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd tradingview user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
Interquartile rangeThis script plots the Interquartile range (difference between 3rd and 1st quartile), providing useful infos about price distribution and volatility . It is designed to work paired with my other script "Moving percentiles channel", but you can also use it alone.
Features:
- You can compute the percentiles using Linear interpolation or Nearest Rank methods
- You can plot not only the Interquartile range, but also the range (difference between 100th and 0 percentiles) or a User defined range (you have to select which percentiles you want to use from the settings)
- The script also plots a signal line that you can use to obtain signals when the Range line crosses the signal line itself. You can plot the signal line using many different MAs ( SMA , EMA , DEMA , TEMA , WMA , VWMA , HMA , ALMA , LSMA , FRAMA ).
- It also plots an histogram that represents the difference between the Range and the Signal line. It will be green colored when positive, and red colored when negative.
Please show me your support and follow me if you like my scripts. Many more of them are coming in the future.
@ Bezzus
Trend Following Moving AveragesWhile analysing a chart, one of the biggest problem is to see if there is trend or not. While thinking about it, I found the idea to analyse moving averages in channel and their momentum according to channel width. I already published it as Trend Following Bar as you see at bottom of the chart.
How it Works?
On each bar it creates a channel by highest/lowest point of a MA. highest point is upper line and lowest point is lower line of the MA channel,
It gets highest and lowest point of last 300 bars, (say Price Channel )
If the width of MA channel is greater than certain rate of price channel then it decides there is trend
After it decided there is trend, it calculates the rate between channel and MA. Bigger result means stronger trend.
According to rate of MA channel and the price channel , MA Line becomes lighter/darker. so when you look at the MA Line's color you can see the trend strength.
Some details about my idea:
Options:
You can choose following MA types as source: EMA, SMA , RMA, WMA , VWMA
"Period to Check Trend" is the period to create MA channel. Bigger period cause more sensitivity.
"Trend Channel Rate %" is rate of price channel . Price channel created by using highest/lowest of last 300 bars. I did this to make the script works on all time frames correctly.
"Use Linear Regression" is used to get rid of noise. it may cause 1-2 bars latency.
Trend Following Bar script:
All comments are welcome!.
Enjoy!
[e2] EDS Key & AvwapThis indicator shows a Key Level Support & Resistance level and VWAP that resets on your choice of the stock's Earnings , Dividends or Splits release date.
A maximum of 8 bands calculated using a factor of the anchored VWAP's standard deviation can be displayed.
Note
The script is designed for stock-trading only.
Credits
Inspired by timwest , LazyBear 's Earnings S/R Levels and MichelT 's Earnings, Splits, Dividends scripts.
Market Adaptive Stop-LossI realized that the zone changes in the stoploss remained slow, so I couldn't make enough use of the characteristics of technical indicators when opening positions.
This pushed me to keep stop-loss under the influence of a dependent variable.
This script helped me a lot (everget) :
I've redesigned the stop-loss to be affected by intersections.
Therefore, this script is also suitable for adaptive moving averages, fractional periods.
Script features:
1.You can select calculation methods created by using various technical analysis methods from the scripts' settings:
-Moving Average Convergence Divergence ( Macd )
-Stochastic Oscillator ( Stoch )
-Stochastic Relative Strength Index (StochRSI)
-Stochastic Money Flow Index (StochMFI ) (More info : )
-Know Sure Thing ( KST )
-OBV ( On Balance Volume )
-SMA ( Simple Moving Average )
-EMA ( Exponential Moving Average )
-FISHERTRANSFORM ( Fisher Transform )
-AWESOMEOSCILLATOR( Awesome Oscillator )
-PSAR ( Parabolic Stop and Reverse - Parabolic SAR )
-HULLMA( Hull Moving Average )
-VWMA ( Volume Weighted Moving Average )
-RMA (Moving Average using in Relative Strength Index calculations.)
-COG (Center of Gravity )
-ACC-DIST ( Accumulation / Distribution Index )
2 - The region is determined according to the above calculation methods and if it is larger or smaller than the previous stop loss level.
And if the price in the negative zone is lower than the stoploss, it is the exact signal and is shown with more highlighted colors.
And, in the positive zone, where the price is greater than the stoploss, the trade zones are certain.
Shown with more highlighted colors.
If the zones are correct but stop-loss is not suitable for opening positions:
In other words, if the stop-loss is above/under the highest-lowest levels in the positive zone or if the stop loss is located in the lower zone in the negative zone, these zones are shown to be darker and dimmed so that they do not cause false movements.
*** SUMMARY : As a result, you can use this script with support and resistances,and trend lines to get good results.
I hope it helps in your analyzes. Best regards.
Smooth Moving Average Ribbon [STUDY] @PuppyTherapyThe Smooth moving average ribbon script is an enhancement of the script I posted yesterday. But will help you also create a very simple trend-following strategy or a simple trend-following filter.
You are able to select from a large variety of moving averages add Heikin Ashi Candles as a source and also add additional smoothing to every single of the moving averages.
The Study script is equipped with alerts.
It is a showcase that a simple strategy like buy when we going up and sell when we going down actually works especially on a bigger timeframe.
Thanks to all supporters and everget for some of the moving average scripts.
Bollinger and Tendencies (Bollinger e Tendências )The strategy consists of buying when the price breaks up (crossover) the bottom line of the Bollinger and selling when the price breaks down (crossunder) to your top line.
The chart still shows trends clearly, with the fill between the exponential average and the closing value of the canlestick, green at high, red at low (this part of the script is based on the code: "Pivot Daily Price Color" by Rimko).
It also places notes on the high and low candlesticks (based on the code: "Candlesticks Pattern Identified" by Repo32).
It is recommended to use it in conjunction with the "IFR and Storage" script (also available to me), and some volume script.
A estratégia consiste em comprar quando o preço rompe para cima (crossover) a linha inferior do Bollinger e vender quando o preço rompe para baixo (crossunder) a sua linha superior.
O gráfico ainda mostra as tendências de forma clara, com o preenchimento entre a média exponencial e o valor de fechamento do canlestick, verde em alta, vermelho em baixa (essa parte do script é baseada no código: "Pivot Daily Price Color" do usuário: Rimko).
Também, coloca apontamentos nos candlesticks de alta e de baixa (baseado no código: "Candlesticks Pattern Identified" do usuário Repo32).
Recomenda-se a utilização em conjunto com o script "IFR e Estocagem" (também por mim disponibilizado), e algum script de volume.
Help with SMA Crossover Demo scriptHi I'm currently in the process of learning to write a script. Here's a very basic SMA 34/4 crossover script. Is somebody able to help me with adding the following functions to the script.
1. Add an alert and indicator to close a short or long trade whenever any candle touches the SMA 34 line?
2. When a SMA 34/4 Crossover has been executed (a Short Trade condition) add an alert/indicator (Titled “Add”) every time a Green bullish candle has closed.
3. When a SMA 34/4 Crossunder has been executed (a Long Trade condition) add an alert/indicator (Titled “Add) every time a Red bearish candle has closed.
4. To used on 15m/30m/1hr/2hr/4hr/1D/1W timeframe charts?
Ehlers FilterThis is the Adaptive Ehlers Filter.
I had to unroll the for loops and array because TV is missing crucial data structures and data conversions (Arrays and series to integer conversion for values).
I'm in the process of releasing some scripts. This is a very old script I had. This contains volatility ranges and can be used as trading signals. You can also see how the EF moves up or down, the direction, when price is sideways, and use price breaks up and down as signals from the line.
Have fun, because I didn't making this script hahaha
NOTE : There is an issue with the script where at certain time frames it positions itself below or above. I think its due to calculations. If anyone knows the fix before I get the chance to take a look at it, please let me know.
books.google.com
Top Bottom Finder Public version- Jayy This script plots a 6 algos from the Coles/Hawkins "Midas Technical Analysis" book:
Top finder / Bottom Finder (Levine Algo by Bob English)* - onlinelibrary.wiley.com
MIDAS VWAP Gen-1) -
MIDAS VWAP average and deltas
VWAP (Gen-1) using a date or a bar n number can be initiated at bar 0 - useful for a new IPO
Standard Deviation of MIDAS VWAP
MIDAS Displacement Channels (Coles) - edmond.mires.co
An%20Anchored%20VWAP%20Channel%20For%20Congested%20Markets.pdf
* for better results with topfinder and bottomfinder use the companion TB-F Matcher script.
See wiki for a synopsis: en.wikipedia.org
Relevant info can be found in: Midas Technical Analysis: A VWAP Approach to Trading and Investing in Today’s Markets by
Andrew Coles, David G. Hawkins Copyright © 2011 by Andrew Coles and David G. Hawkins.
Appendix C: TradeStation Code for the MIDAS Topfinder/Bottomfinder Curves ported to Tradingview
This script requires a working understanding of "Midas Technical Analysis" Google "Midas Technical Analysis" and a variety of information will appear.
To find fit the curve as described in the Midas book a companion script is required that will after a few manual iterative inputs guide you to the appropriate D value for the for input into this program ( see the TB-F Matcher script). You might also try the Midas average and Deltas as described in the book. I have added the 2nd, 3rd and 4th multiples of Delta.
The advantage is that there is no curve fitting. You still need to select a starting point for Midas or the topfinder bottomfinder (TB_F)
or the VWAP.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
See the notes in the script below
Cheers Jayy
Securities day session - Opening-Range- Jayy Opening Range (OR) for regular daytime session eg NYSE 0 930hrs to 1600 hrs.
This is not for Forex sessions which is addressed in a separate script.
This script fixes two issues:
syntax error when code compiles
flaky plotting of the opening range and targets that required page reloading
Additions:
In this code there are more more opening range time period choices at the bottom of the format dialogue box
Opening Range Targets:
Opening Range Targets as per Leaf_West
Targets are set at 127% , 162%, 200 %, 262 %, 362%, 423%, 685%, 1109% and 1794% and this can be traded intraday using methods described at charts-by-leaf.com I also have some Leaf West PDFs that describe how the targets are set and how they are traded. There are others that use opening range.
See the notes in the script for more detail.
My first opening range script originated from work done by Chris Moody. This script has changed significantly but there are small remnants of Chris Moody's script lurking within.
This script is available to all.
Cheers Jayy
[LAVA] Relative Price DifferenceThis script shows the relative price difference based off the last high and low, so many bars ago. Bollinger bands are also included by default for closer inspection on the intensity of the movement or the lack thereof. Bollinger bands will follow the smoothed line which will allow the reactionary line to cross the boundary during an intense movement. With the colors selected, a gray color will appear after the color to the zero line to announce a deep correction is possible. Buy/Sell indicators show up as crosses to indicate when the price is moving in a certain direction. Sideways stagnation will have several crosses due to the close proximity to the zero line.
I use 21 in the demo here without the bollinger bands or buy/sell indicators to show the power of the script to identify bottoms and tops using the tips and hand drawn trendlines.
(This script is actually the same script as before, but listed here as the final version. Hopefully this will be my last update with this script.)
If you use and enjoy this script, please like it!
[blackcat] L3 Counter Peacock Spread█ OVERVIEW
The script titled " L3 Counter Peacock Spread" is an indicator designed for use in TradingView. It calculates and plots various moving averages, K lines derived from these moving averages, additional simple moving averages (SMAs), weighted moving averages (WMAs), and other technical indicators like slope calculations. The primary function of the script is to provide a comprehensive set of visual tools that traders can use to identify trends, potential support/resistance levels, and crossover signals.
█ LOGICAL FRAMEWORK
Input Parameters:
There are no explicit input parameters defined; all variables are hardcoded or calculated within the script.
Calculations:
• Moving Averages: Calculates Simple Moving Averages (SMA) using ta.sma.
• Slope Calculation: Computes the slope of a given series over a specified period using linear regression (ta.linreg).
• K Lines: Defines multiple exponentially adjusted SMAs based on a 30-period MA and a 1-period MA.
• Weighted Moving Average (WMA): Custom function to compute WMAs by iterating through price data points.
• Other Indicators: Includes Exponential Moving Average (EMA) for momentum calculation.
Plotting:
Various elements such as MAs, K lines, conditional bands, additional SMAs, and WMAs are plotted on the chart overlaying the main price action.
No loops control the behavior beyond those used in custom functions for calculating WMAs. Conditional statements determine the coloring of certain plot lines based on specific criteria.
█ CUSTOM FUNCTIONS
calculate_slope(src, length) :
• Purpose: To calculate the slope of a time-series data point over a specified number of periods.
• Functionality: Uses linear regression to find the current and previous slopes and computes their difference scaled by the timeframe multiplier.
• Parameters:
– src: Source of the input data (e.g., closing prices).
– length: Periodicity of the linreg calculation.
• Return Value: Computed slope value.
calculate_ma(source, length) :
• Purpose: To calculate the Simple Moving Average (SMA) of a given source over a specified period.
• Functionality: Utilizes TradingView’s built-in ta.sma function.
• Parameters:
– source: Input data series (e.g., closing prices).
– length: Number of bars considered for the SMA calculation.
• Return Value: Calculated SMA value.
calculate_k_lines(ma30, ma1) :
• Purpose: Generates multiple exponentially adjusted versions of a 30-period MA relative to a 1-period MA.
• Functionality: Multiplies the 30-period MA by coefficients ranging from 1.1 to 3 and subtracts multiples of the 1-period MA accordingly.
• Parameters:
– ma30: 30-period Simple Moving Average.
– ma1: 1-period Simple Moving Average.
• Return Value: Returns an array containing ten different \u2003\u2022 "K line" values.
calculate_wma(source, length) :
• Purpose: Computes the Weighted Moving Average (WMA) of a provided series over a defined period.
• Functionality: Iterates backward through the last 'n' bars, weights each bar according to its position, sums them up, and divides by the total weight.
• Parameters:
– source: Price series to average.
– length: Length of the lookback window.
• Return Value: Calculated WMA value.
█ KEY POINTS AND TECHNIQUES
• Advanced Pine Script Features: Utilization of custom functions for encapsulating complex logic, leveraging TradingView’s library functions (ta.sma, ta.linreg, ta.ema) for efficient computations.
• Optimization Techniques: Efficient computation of K lines via pre-calculated components (multiples of MA30 and MA1). Use of arrays to store intermediate results which simplifies plotting.
• Best Practices: Clear separation between calculation and visualization sections enhances readability and maintainability. Usage of color.new() allows dynamic adjustments without hardcoding colors directly into plot commands.
• Unique Approaches: Introduction of K lines provides an alternative representation of trend strength compared to traditional MAs. Implementation of conditional band coloring adds real-time context to existing visual cues.
█ EXTENDED KNOWLEDGE AND APPLICATIONS
Potential Modifications/Extensions:
• Adding more user-defined inputs for lengths of MAs, K lines, etc., would make the script more flexible.
• Incorporating alert conditions based on crossovers between key lines could enhance automated trading strategies.
Application Scenarios:
• Useful for both intraday and swing trading due to the combination of short-term and long-term MAs along with trend analysis via slopes and K lines.
• Can be integrated into larger systems combining this indicator with others like oscillators or volume-based metrics.
Related Concepts:
• Understanding how linear regression works internally aids in grasping the slope calculation.
• Familiarity with WMA versus SMA helps appreciate why different types of averaging might be necessary depending on market dynamics.
• Knowledge of candlestick patterns can complement insights gained from this indicator.
Zero-Lag MA Trend FollowingScript Name: Zero-Lag MA Trend Following Auto-Trading
Purpose and Unique Features:
This script is designed to implement a trend-following auto-trading strategy by combining the Zero-Lag Moving Average (ZLMA), Exponential Moving Average (EMA), and ATR Bands. To differentiate it from similar scripts, the following key aspects are emphasized:
Zero-Lag MA (ZLMA):
Responds quickly to price changes, minimizing lag compared to EMA.
Detects crossovers with EMA and generates Diamond Signals to indicate trend reversals.
ATR Bands:
Measures market volatility to set stop-loss levels.
Helps optimize entry points and manage risk effectively.
Diamond Signals:
A vital visual cue indicating the early stages of trend reversals.
Green diamonds signal an uptrend, while red diamonds signal a downtrend.
Each component plays a distinct role, working synergistically to enhance trend detection and risk management. This system doesn’t merely combine indicators but optimizes them for comprehensive trend-following and risk control.
Usage Instructions:
Entry Conditions:
Long Entry:
Enter when a green Diamond Signal appears (ZLMA crosses above EMA).
Short Entry:
Enter when a red Diamond Signal appears (ZLMA crosses below EMA).
Exit Conditions:
Stop Loss:
Set at the lower boundary of the ATR band for BUY or the upper boundary for SELL at entry.
Take Profit:
Automatically executed based on a 1:2 risk-reward ratio.
Account Size: ¥100,0000
Commissions and Slippage: Assumed commission of 90 pips per trade and slippage of 1 pip.
Risk per Trade: 10% of account equity (adjustable based on risk tolerance).
Improvements and Original Features:
While based on open-source code, this script incorporates the following critical enhancements:
Diamond Signals from ZLMA and EMA Integration:
Improves entry accuracy with a proprietary trend detection strategy.
ATR Bands Utilization:
Adds a volatility-based risk management function.
Optimized Visual Entry Signals:
Includes plotted triangles (▲, ▼) to clearly indicate trend-following entry points.
Credits:
This script builds upon indicators developed by ChartPrime, whose innovative approach and insights have enabled a more advanced trend-following strategy. We extend our gratitude for their foundational work.
Additionally, it integrates technical methods based on Zero-Lag Moving Average (ZLMA), EMA, and ATR Bands, leveraging insights from the trading community.
Chart Display Options:
The script offers options to toggle the visual signals (Diamond Signals, trend lines, and entry points) on or off, keeping the chart clean while maximizing analytical efficiency.
Disclaimer:
This script is provided for educational purposes and past performance does not guarantee future results.
Use it responsibly with proper risk management.
Market Stats Panel [Daveatt]█ Introduction
I've created a script that brings TradingView's watchlist stats panel functionality directly to your charts. This isn't just another performance indicator - it's a pixel-perfect (kidding) recreation of TradingView's native stats panel.
Important Notes
You might need to adjust manually the scaling the firs time you're using this script to display nicely all the elements.
█ Core Features
Performance Metrics
The panel displays key performance metrics (1W, 1M, 3M, 6M, YTD, 1Y) in real-time, with color-coded boxes (green for positive, red for negative) for instant performance assessment.
Display Modes
Switch seamlessly between absolute prices and percentage returns, making it easy to compare assets across different price scales.
Absolute mode
Percent mode
Historical Comparison
View year-over-year performance with color-coded lines, allowing for quick historical pattern recognition and analysis.
Data Structure Innovation
Let's talk about one of the most interesting challenges I faced. PineScript has this quirky limitation where request.security() can only return 127 tuples at most. £To work around this, I implemented a dual-request system. The first request handles indices 0-63, while the second one takes care of indices 64-127.
This approach lets us maintain extensive historical data without compromising script stability.
And here's the cool part: if you need to handle even more years of historical data, you can simply extend this pattern by adding more request.security() calls.
Each additional call can fetch another batch of monthly open prices and timestamps, following the same structure I've used.
Think of it as building with LEGO blocks - you can keep adding more pieces to extend your historical reach.
Flexible Date Range
Unlike many scripts that box you into specific timeframes, I've designed this one to be completely flexible with your date selection. You can set any start year, any end year, and the script will dynamically scale everything to match. The visual presentation automatically adjusts to whatever range you choose, ensuring your data is always displayed optimally.
█ Customization Options
Visual Settings
The panel's visual elements are highly customizable. You can adjust the panel width to perfectly fit your workspace, fine-tune the line thickness to match your preferences, and enjoy the pre-defined year color scheme that makes tracking historical performance intuitive and visually appealing.
Box Dimensions
Every aspect of the performance boxes can be tailored to your needs. Adjust their height and width, fine-tune the spacing between them, and position the entire panel exactly where you want it on your chart. The goal is to make this tool feel like it's truly yours.
█ Technical Challenges Solved
Polyline Precision
Creating precise polylines was perhaps the most demanding aspect of this project.
The challenge was ensuring accurate positioning across both time and price axes, while handling percentage mode scaling with precision.
The script constantly updates the current year's data in real-time, seamlessly integrating new information as it comes in.
Axis Management
Getting the axes right was like solving a complex puzzle. The Y-axis needed to scale dynamically whether you're viewing absolute prices or percentages.
The X-axis required careful month labeling that stays clean and readable regardless of your selected timeframe.
Everything needed to align perfectly while maintaining proper spacing in all conditions.
█ Final Notes
This tool transforms complex market data into clear, actionable insights. Whether you're day trading or analyzing long-term trends, it provides the information you need to make informed decisions. And remember, while we can't predict the future, we can certainly be better prepared for it with the right tools at hand.
A word of warning though - seeing those red numbers in a beautifully formatted panel doesn't make them any less painful! 😉
---
Happy Trading! May your charts be green and your stops be far away!
Daveatt
Consecutive CandlesTrading as Easy as One, Two, and Three
Unlock the power of simplicity in trading with this innovative script inspired by KepalaBesi. Designed for traders of all levels, this script provides a user-friendly approach to market analysis, enabling you to make informed trading decisions effortlessly.
Key Features:
Simplified Signals: Receive clear buy and sell signals based on robust technical indicators. The script streamlines your trading process, allowing you to focus on execution rather than analysis.
Customizable Settings: Tailor the script to fit your trading style. Adjust parameters to suit your risk tolerance and market preferences, ensuring a personalized trading experience.
Visual Clarity: Benefit from intuitive visual cues on your chart, making it easy to identify optimal entry and exit points. The clean interface helps you make quick decisions without confusion.
Whether you’re a seasoned trader or just starting, "Trading as Easy as One, Two, and Three" simplifies your trading journey, turning complex strategies into straightforward actions. Embrace a more efficient way to trade and elevate your performance in the markets!
Get Started Today!
Join the community of traders who have discovered the ease of trading with KepalaBesi's inspired script. Elevate your trading experience and achieve your financial goals with confidence!
N Bar Reversal Detector [LuxAlgo]The N Bar Reversal Detector is designed to detect and highlight N-bar reversal patterns in user charts, where N represents the length of the candle sequence used to detect the patterns. The script incorporates various trend indicators to filter out detected signals and offers a range of customizable settings to fit different trading strategies.
🔶 USAGE
The N-bar reversal pattern extends the popular 3-bar reversal pattern. While the 3-bar reversal pattern involves identifying a sequence of three bars signaling a potential trend reversal, the N-bar reversal pattern builds on this concept by incorporating additional bars based on user settings. This provides a more comprehensive indication of potential trend reversals. The script automates the identification of these patterns and generates clear, visually distinct signals to highlight potential trend changes.
When a reversal chart pattern is confirmed and aligns with the price action, the pattern's boundaries are extended to create levels. The upper boundary serves as resistance, while the lower boundary acts as support.
The script allows users to filter patterns based on the trend direction identified by various trend indicators. Users can choose to view patterns that align with the detected trend or those that are contrary to it.
🔶 DETAILS
🔹 The N-bar Reversal Pattern
The N-bar reversal pattern is a technical analysis tool designed to signal potential trend reversals in the market. It consists of N consecutive bars, with the first N-1 bars used to identify the prevailing trend and the Nth bar confirming the reversal. Here’s a detailed look at the pattern:
Bullish Reversal : In a bullish reversal setup, the first bar is the highest among the first N-1 bars, indicating a prevailing downtrend. Most of the remaining bars in this sequence should be bearish (closing lower than where they opened), reinforcing the existing downward momentum. The Nth (most recent) bar confirms a bullish reversal if its high price is higher than the high of the first bar in the sequence (standard pattern). For a stronger signal, the closing price of the Nth bar should also be higher than the high of the first bar.
Bearish Reversal : In a bearish reversal setup, the first bar is the lowest among the first N-1 bars, indicating a prevailing uptrend. Most of the remaining bars in this sequence should be bullish (closing higher than where they opened), reinforcing the existing upward momentum. The Nth bar confirms a bearish reversal if its low price is lower than the low of the first bar in the sequence (standard pattern). For a stronger signal, the closing price of the Nth bar should also be lower than the low of the first bar.
🔹 Min Percentage of Required Candles
This parameter specifies the minimum percentage of candles that must be bullish (for a bearish reversal) or bearish (for a bullish reversal) among the first N-1 candles in a pattern. For higher values of N, it becomes more challenging for all of the first N-1 candles to be consistently bullish or bearish. By setting a percentage value, P, users can adjust the requirement so that only a minimum of P percent of the first N-1 candles need to meet the bullish or bearish condition. This allows for greater flexibility in pattern recognition, accommodating variations in market conditions.
🔶 SETTINGS
Pattern Type: Users can choose the type of the N-bar reversal patterns to detect: Normal, Enhanced, or All. "Normal" detects patterns that do not necessarily surpass the high/low of the first bar. "Enhanced" detects patterns where the last bar surpasses the high/low of the first bar. "All" detects both Normal and Enhanced patterns.
Reversal Pattern Sequence Length: Specifies the number of candles (N) in the sequence used to identify a reversal pattern.
Min Percentage of Required Candles: Sets the minimum percentage of the first N-1 candles that must be bullish (for a bearish reversal) or bearish (for a bullish reversal) to qualify as a valid reversal pattern.
Derived Support and Resistance: Toggles the visibility of the support and resistance levels/zones.
🔹 Trend Filtering
Filtering: Allows users to filter patterns based on the trend indicators: Moving Average Cloud, Supertrend, and Donchian Channels. The "Aligned" option only detects patterns that align with the trend and conversely, the "Opposite" option detects patterns that go against the trend.
🔹 Trend Indicator Settings
Moving Average Cloud: Allows traders to choose the type of moving averages (SMA, EMA, HMA, etc.) and set the lengths for fast and slow moving averages.
Supertrend: Options to set the ATR length and factor for Supertrend.
Donchian Channels: Option to set the length for the channel calculation.
🔶 RELATED SCRIPTS
Reversal-Candlestick-Structure.
Reversal-Signals.
Prometheus Black-Scholes Option PricesThe Black-Scholes Model is an option pricing model developed my Fischer Black and Myron Scholes in 1973 at MIT. This is regarded as the most accurate pricing model and is still used today all over the world. This script is a simulated Black-Scholes model pricing model, I will get into why I say simulated.
What is an option?
An option is the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell 100 shares of a certain stock, for calls or puts respective, at a certain price, on a certain date (assuming European style options, American options can be exercised early). The reason these agreements, these contracts exist is to provide traders with leverage. Buying 1 contract to represent 100 shares of the underlying, more often than not, at a cheaper price. That is why the price of the option, the premium , is a small number. If an option costs $1.00 we pay $100.00 for it because 100 shares * 1 dollar per share = 100 dollars for all the shares. When a trader purchases a call on stock XYZ with a strike of $105 while XYZ stock is trading at $100, if XYZ stock moves up to $110 dollars before expiration the option has $5 of intrinsic value. You have the right to buy something at $105 when it is trading at $110. That agreement is way more valuable now, as a result the options premium would increase. That is a quick overview about how options are traded, let's get into calculating them.
Inputs for the Black-Scholes model
To calculate the price of an option we need to know 5 things:
Current Price of the asset
Strike Price of the option
Time Till Expiration
Risk-Free Interest rate
Volatility
The price of a European call option 𝐶 is given by:
𝐶 = 𝑆0 * Φ(𝑑1) − 𝐾 * 𝑒^(−𝑟 * 𝑇) * Φ(𝑑2)
where:
𝑆0 is the current price of the underlying asset.
𝐾 is the strike price of the option.
𝑟 is the risk-free interest rate.
𝑇 is the time to expiration.
Φ is the cumulative distribution function of the standard normal distribution.
𝑑1 and 𝑑2 are calculated as:
𝑑1 = (ln(𝑆0 / 𝐾) + (𝑟 + (𝜎^2 / 2)) * 𝑇) / (𝜎 * sqrt(𝑇))
𝑑2= 𝑑1 - (𝜎 * sqrt(𝑇))
𝜎 is the volatility of the underlying asset.
The price of a European put option 𝑃 is given by:
𝑃 = 𝐾 * 𝑒^(−𝑟 * 𝑇) * Φ(−𝑑2) − 𝑆0 * Φ(−𝑑1)
where 𝑑1 and 𝑑2 are as defined above.
Key Assumptions of the Black-Scholes Model
The price of the underlying asset follows a lognormal distribution.
There are no transaction costs or taxes.
The risk-free interest rate and volatility of the underlying asset are constant.
The underlying asset does not pay dividends during the life of the option.
The markets are efficient, meaning that all known information is already reflected in the prices.
Options can only be exercised at expiration (European-style options).
Understanding the Script
Here I have arrows pointing to specific spots on the table. They point to Historical Volatility and Inputted DTE . Inputted DTE is a value the user may input to calculate premium for options that expire in that many days. Historical Volatility , is the value calculated by this code.
length = 252 // One year of trading days
hv = ta.stdev(math.log(close / close ), length) * math.sqrt(365)
And then made daily like the Black-Scholes model needs from this step in the code.
hv_daily = request.security(syminfo.tickerid, "1D", hv)
The user has the option to input their own volatility to the Script. I will get into why that may be advantageous in a moment. If the user chooses to do so the Script will change which value it is using as so.
hv_in_use = which_sig == false ? hv_daily : sig
There is a lot going on in this image but bare with me, it will all make sense by the end. The column to the far left of both the green and maroon colored columns represent the strike price of the contract, if the numbers are white that means the contract is out of the money, gray means in the money. If you remember from the calculation this represents the price to buy or sell shares at, for calls or puts respective. The column second from the left shows a value for Simulated Market Price . This is a necessary part of this script so we can show changes in implied volatility. See, when we go to our brokerages and look at options prices, sure the price was calculated by a pricing model, but that is rarely the true price of the model. Market participant sentiment affects this value as their estimates for future volatility, Implied Volatility changes.
For example, if a call option is supposed to be worth $1.00 from the pricing model, however everyone is bullish on the stock and wants to buy calls, the premium may go to $1.20 from $1.00 because participants juice up the Implied Volatility . Higher Implied Volatility generally means higher premium, given enough time to expiration. Buying an option at $0.80 when it should be worth $1.00 due to changes in sentiment is a big part of the Quant Trading industry.
Of course I don't have access to an actual exchange so get prices, so I modeled participant decisions by adding or subtracting a small random value on the "perfect premium" from the Black-Scholes model, and solving for implied volatility using the Newton-Raphson method.
It is like when we have speed = distance / time if we know speed and time , we can solve for distance .
This is what models the changing Implied Volatility in the table. The other column in the table, 3rd from the left, is the Black-Scholes model price without the changes of a random number. Finally, the 4th column from the left is that Implied Volatility value we calculated with the modified option price.
More on Implied Volatility
Implied Volatility represents the future expected volatility of an asset. As it is the value in the future it is not know like Historical Volatility, only projected. We provide the user with the option to enter their own Implied Volatility to start with for better modeling of options close to expiration. If you want to model options 1 day from expiration you will probably have to enter a higher Implied Volatility so that way the prices will be higher. Since the underlying is so close to expiration they are traded so much and traders manipulate their Implied Volatility , increasing their value. Be safe while trading these!
Thank you all for clicking on my indicator and reading this description! Happy coding, Happy trading, Be safe!
Good reference: www.investopedia.com
